公共政策網路參與平臺

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根據環保署統計，全台超市量販店每月製造500公噸以上的廚餘，而根據IFRA資料，便利商店中每年浪費市值70億新台幣的過期食物，大量的糧食未能經有效利用而浪費，並且除食物本身，其生產過程中所耗費的能源、養分以及人力成本等資源皆一併流失。

過去有些慈善團體或非政府組織會和賣場合作並將即將過期之食品捐贈給社區中需要的人，也有便利超商如全家推出友善食光辦法促銷方案以減少糧食浪費，不過兩者獨立的制度下我們覺得有些許缺失，希望透過政府將其整合，達到更為有效的利用。

希望政府能夠主動和地方賣場合作，採購即期商品並給予需要的人。然而為何要以政府這個角色執行呢？一是藉由政府收購，比起捐贈給慈善團體，賣場仍能獲利；二，除了即期品的折扣之外，政府部分也可透過大量採購降低其單價，並且，從原先的社會救濟預算中撥款即可，加上即期品與大量採購的優惠，其同時能夠減少政府支出，以達到更有效率的經濟效果；最後，可透過政府的統整與規範，使食物分配給真正需要的人，避免被不肖之人瓜分；再者，從先前給予金錢上的資助轉為實質的糧食資源，也能確保他們能得到真正需要的協助，以免如過去些許案例，受金錢資助的人主動的或被動的未將其投入於正當用途。

政府是人民的支柱，台灣的社會救濟制度仍有進步的空間，以政府的角色推動這個完備的制度能不只改善糧食浪費，也能確保社會救濟之有效達成，更能促進地方商場的營運。

In Taiwan, over 500 tons of leftovers are created monthly by supermarkets and hypermarkets, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. According to IFRA, it is estimated that as much as 7 billion NTDs of expired food are wasted annually by convenience stores. A great amount of food is being wasted due to a lack of efficient processes, which also leads to the waste of energy, nutrition, human resources, etc.

There are two systems that have been adopted already, as follows. With cooperation with local markets, some charities and NGOs donate near-expired food to those in need. Also, some convenience stores launch sales promotions of products nearing their expiration dates. Nonetheless, the two independent systems can be improved. We are suggesting that the government collaborate with the local markets by procuring the near-expired food and distributing it to those in need. Hopefully, this cooperation will achieve more efficient food consumption.

There are reasons to encourage the government specifically to implement this program. First, the markets can still benefit from the procurement by the government. Second, besides the discount of the near-expired food, the government can buy the food at lower prices through large-scale procurement, which can be covered by the social assistance budget without causing any burden. Last but not least, we can directly redistribute the food to those in need and reduce the risk of turning into a free-riding problem. If we replace the previous subsidies with actual food resources, those in need can obtain secure assistance. Unlike the previous cases, it’s impossible that subsidy receivers would be actively/passively using the money improperly. 

Government should be a pillar of the community. In terms of food waste, we still have a long way to go in Taiwan. With the government implementing this comprehensive system, we can not only cut down on food waste but also ensure that social assistance will be efficiently achieved, which will furthermore cultivate a thriving operation in the local markets.

利益與影響

台灣的地方超商，甚至與其合作的便利商店皆能因此獲利；政府也可以低價收購即期品取代原先的金援，以更低的金額餵飽更多人，減少開銷；同時提供糧食援助能夠確保免除受惠者將金援使用在其他不適當的潛在可能性，最重要的，能夠物盡其用，避免珍貴的食物浪費。

Local markets and convenience stores will both benefit from this novel program. The government will be able to feed more people via bulk purchasing. Meanwhile, this model can exclude the potential possibilities of any improper use. Altogether, away from wasting, we can make the best use of food.